Eco 224: Competing Philosophies in US Economic Policy
Mr. Klein


Economics 224    Reading List

(For complete citations, see Selected Bibliography.)

FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE

Term Paper Writing Guidelines

 

Introduction
Syllabus and reading schedule
Reading List  (this document)
Bibliography of sources
1 Brief history of Union College, from "Did Union College Scorn Monumental Folly?: Nott" The Wall Street Journal, March 21, 1995, A18.
2 Presidential election results, 1789-1996.
Biographies of the Presidents:  White House    Grolier Encyclopedia
3 Performance of the U.S. economy, 1790-1990

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I. Mercantilism vs. Markets  
                    Study Guide  
                    Powerpoint  -01   -02
1 Discussion of British colonial laws.
Timeline of US History (including Colonial)
Timeline of Revolutionary War (some links broken)
2 The Molasses Act, 1733, from MacDonald, pp. 103-105.
3 Readings on Mercantilism, from Callender (authors' names in footnotes), pp. 95-112.  Refer to maps of colonial trade.
    a. The Mercantile View, from Animal Husbandry, 1775.
    b. Postlethwayt, Britain's Commercial Interest, 1757.
    c. Bernard, Select Letters on the Trade and Government of America, 1764.

    d. Pownall, The Administration of the Colonies, 1764.  Page images    Text

    e. Smith, The Wealth of Nations, Bk. IV, ch. vii, 1776; 
    Gains from Trade worksheet
4 Smith, The Wealth of Nations, Bk, IV, ch. ii, 1776 (1909 ed.), pp. 348-369.
    Effects of Protection worksheet             Solutions (powerpoint-04)

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II. Economic Policy and the New Nation
                   Study Guide - Constitution   Federalist Policies
                    Powerpoint - 03    
(Powerpoint tutorial)
                    Powerpoint - 05 (Manufactures)
                    Summary of Class Discussion on Manufactures

1 The Declaration of Independence, 1776.      Local source    (pdf)  
2 The Constitution of the United States, 1789.    Local source    (pdf)
3 Hamilton, Report on Public Credit; First Congress, Second Session, submitted January 14, 1790, Annals of Congress, Appendix, pages 2041-2074.  (Pages pp. 1-7, 32-35 in Works of Hamilton.)     Click here for help using the Century of Lawmaking site.
Click here to download the entire set of page images as a Word document (large file).
Click here for a Summary of the Report. 
Speech by Alan Greenspan on Hamilton and the debt.
4 Hamilton, Report on Manufactures  Second Congress, First Session, submitted December 5, 1791.  Annals of Congress, Pages  971-1034.  (Pages 192-195, 204-219, 234-263, 280-284 in Works of Hamilton.)
Download page images as Word document (large file).
Download text file (in progress).
Summary of the Report.   
(See also V.1 below, Hamilton's report on a National Bank.)

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III. Internal Improvements   Study Guide
                    Powerpoint - 06        -07
                    Paper #1 Assignment

1 Selections from Callender on Internal Improvements, pp. 387-393.
a. Gallatin's Report on Canals and Roads, 1808.
b. Madison's veto message, 1817.
2 Madison's 7th annual message to Congress, 1815.
3 John C. Calhoun's argument for internal improvements, 1817, from Hart, v. III, pp. 436-440.  (Original pages from Annals of Congress.)
4 Henry Clay, 1818, excerpts from Works of Clay, pp. 115-117, 127-135.
Annals of Congress, 15th Cong., 1st. Session, pp. 1359ff.
Text file.

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IV. Tariff Policy   See study questions in Discussion Forum
                    Powerpoint  -  0809
                    Worksheets on Visualizing Data  --  Graphs from Class
                    Term Paper Topics     
                    Study Guide - House Debate 
                    Powerpoint  -  10 (1/29)
                    Study Guide - Other Tariff Readings
                    Powerpoint  -  11 (1/31) 
1 Tables showing sources of U.S. Government revenue, tariff rates, 1789-1987.
2 Selections from Callender on the tariff debate, pp. 487-522, 533-536.
(Word document containing a-i below)

a. Introduction by Callender.

b. Letter from Jefferson to Austin, 1816.

c. Madison's message to Congress, Feb. 1815.

d. Madison's message to Congress, Dec. 1815 (see III.2 above).

e. Madison letter to Lynch, 1817.

f. Calhoun speech, 1816.

g. Clay speech on the American System, 1824.

h. Webster speeches, 1824, 1828, 1846.

i. McDuffie speech, 1830 (read 514-522 and 533-536).

3 House debate, 1824, from Abridgement of the Debates of Congress, pp. 724-729.  (as a Word document;  or  Full House debate, from Annals of Congress, began Feb. 1824, 18th Congress, 1st Session, begin page 1469.)
4 Excerpts from Documents Relative to the Manufactures of the United States, 1833, v. 1.
a. Report of Henry Stark on Manufactures of New Hampshire.

b. Letter from John Quimby, Springfield, MA, dated March 23, 1832.

c. Responses by Roland Curtin, Ealge Iron Works, to questions.

5 South Carolina Ordinance of Nullification, 1832, from MacDonald, pp. 329-333.
6 Selection from Harriet Martineau, Society in America (New York: Saunders & Otley, 1837).
7 Excerpts from The Elements of Political Economy, by Francis Wayland (Union College Class of 1813) (New York: Leavitt, Lord & Co., 1837), pp. 449-451.
8 Protection or Free Trade for the United States of America? 1880

a. Letter from Thomas H. Dudley (in favor).

b. Letter from Charles E. Rawlins (opposed).

9 Excerpts from Wayland and Chapin, 1886 edition, pp. 376-385.
10 Grover Cleveland's annual message to Congress, 1887, from Hart, v. IV, pp. 518-520.
11 R.E. Thompson defending the tariff, 1888, from Shaw, ed., The National Revenues, pp. 78-85.
12 Benjamin Harrison, annual message to Congress, 1890, from Hart, v. IV, pp. 523-525.
13 Secondary sources offering background and context for the debate:
Douglas A. Irwin, Historical Perspectives on U.S. Trade Policy, NBER Reporter, Winter, 1999.
Funk and Wagnall's Encyclopedia, "Tariffs, United States".
Steve Suranovic, The International Economics Study Center, see section on  "US Tariff Policy: Historical Notes". 

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V. Suffrage   Powerpoint  -  12    13
            UCLA course on History of Woman Suffrage
1 Harriet Martineau, "Woman",  "The Political Non-Existence of Women", from Society in America (New York: Saunders & Otley, 1837).  Full text from Xroads project.
2 Helen L. Sumner, excerpt from History of Women in Industry in the United States, pp. 50-58.
3 Account by Lucy Larcom of working in textile mills, c. 1840.   (E-text)
4 "How the Americans Understand the Equality of the Sexes," from A. de Toqueville, Democracy in America, v. 2, 1840.   (E-text)
5 Account by Francis Gage of 1851 address by Sojourner Truth.
6 Elizabeth Cady Stanton address to National Woman Suffrage Convention, January 19, 1869, from Buhle & Bulhe, pp. 249-256.
7 Booker T. Washington, "Atlanta Address", 1895.   (E-text; UpFrom Slavery)
8 Excerpts from Why Women Do Not Want the Ballot, 1897.
a. "Woman Suffrage and Wages".
b. Francis Parkman, "Some of the Reasons Against Woman Suffrage".
9 Mrs. Gilbert E. Jones, "Some Impediments to Woman Suffrage," from The North American Review, 1909.
10 Current Events:
a.The economics of discrimination from AmosWeb.com: A Pedestrian's Guide to Discrimination.
b. Case Study in gender discrimination, from Prentice Hall.

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VI. Banking and Currency    A. Debate Over A National Bank.
          Study Guide - Money & Banking
          History of Banking -- Central Banking -- Banking in New York
                    Links to Panics; Currency; Gold; Other money issues
          Powerpoint  -  14 (2/9)  -  15 (2/12, 2/14, 2/16)  -   15a (2/14)
          The Wizard of Oz as Monetary Allegory
1 Hamilton's report on a National Bank
     Full report (page images).      Excerpts from Hart, v. III, pp. 276-281.
2 New York state report on state banking, 1818, from Hart, v. III, pp. 441-445.
3 Selections from MacDonald (a-c) and Taylor (d) on Jackson and the Bank.
a. Jackson's first annual message, 1829.

b. Jackson's second annual message, 1830.

c. Jackson's third annual message, 1831.

d. Jackson's veto of the Bank bill, 1832.  Also at Avalon Project
A Timeline of the National Bank - [Note: highly political site !  -JDK]

4

Webster's reply to Jackson's veto, Register of Debates in Congress, 1832, pp. 1221-1230.

5 Discussion of Banks and the Currency from The Merchants' Magazine and Commercial Review, September, 1839.
VI. Banking and Currency   B. Debate over the Currency
          The Wizard of Oz as Monetary Allegory
          Current Events in Money and Banking
6 Tables and charts showing effects of different money policies.
7 Selections on currency from Hart, v. IV, pp. 529-541.
a. House debate on demonetization of silver, 1872.
b. Sherman on resumption of specie payment in 1879.
c. Taussig on the Sherman Silver Act of 1890.
d. Gage on the Gold Standard Act of 1900.
8 William Jennings Bryan speech before the Democratic convention (the "Cross of Gold" speech), 1896, from The World's Best Orations, pp. 693-701.
9 1896 website from Vassar College.

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VII. Regulation of Interstate Commerce
          Study Guide on Railroads
          Powerpoint, 16 (2/21 and 2/23)    17 (2/26, 2/28)
          Farmers' Discontent data (Excel format)
          Worksheet on rate-of-return regulation
1 Selections from Hart, v. IV, on American railroads, v. IV, pp. 513-517.
a. Peto on American railroads, 1865.
b. Poor on American railroads, 1869.
2 C. F. Adams, "The Government and the Railroad Corporations," North American Review, 1871, pp. 31-61.
3 Comments in The Nation on railroads, 1873, pp. 381-384.
a. "The Causes of the Farmers' Discontent".
b. "The Specific Demand of Transportation Reformers".
4 Wayland & Chapin, Elements of Political Economy, 1886, Ch. XXIV, "Railway Corporations", pp. 386-395.
5 The Riddle of the Sphinx, Chapter 3
6 The Interstate Commerce Act, 1887, from MacDonald, pp. 581-590.
7 Railroads: A Historical Perspective, from the Association of American Railroads (industry trade association).  
Grace Shim, Another Railroad Merger May Be Around the Bend," Omaha World - Herald  December 1, 2000.  [available on campus only]
8 The Family Tree of North American Railroads, by Christopher Coleman, Jan 4, 1997.  

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VIII. The Trusts and Antitrust Policy
          Powerpoint  -  18 (3/5, 3/7)   19 (3/9, 3/12)
1 R. T. Ely, "The Tariff and Trusts--Expenditures for Internal Improvements," from Shaw, ed., The National Revenues, 1888, pp. 56-67.
2 Selections from The New York Times, 1887 and 1888.
3 Andrew Carnegie, "The Bugaboo of Trusts," North American Review, v. 148, no. 387 (Feb. 1889), pp. 141-150.  Click here for instructions on accessing the North American Review online.
4 Andrew Carnegie, "Wealth," North American Review, v. 148, no. 391 (June 1889), pp. 653-664  (hyper-annotated).  Click here for instructions on accessing the North American Review online for the original article.
The Economist special section on "The Rich in America," May 30, 1998: (You may find these by going to the Proquest link at Schaffer Library.  Click here for instructions.)
     The Challenge for America's Rich 
     Philanthropy in America: The Gospel of Wealth
     The View from Main Street
5 Gustavus Myers, History of the Great American Fortunes, pp. 696-705.
6 George F. Edmunds, "The Interstate Trust and Commerce Act of 1890," North American Review, v. 194, no. 673 (Dec. 1911), pp. 801-817 (selection).
Click here for instructions on accessing the North American Review online.
7 Selection from the Congressional Record, May 1, 1890. Debate on the Sherman Antitrust Act.
8 J. B. Clark, "How to Regulate the Trusts," from Hart, v. IV, pp. 641-644.

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